Terpenes, the natural aromatic compounds shaping the taste and smell of plants, hold a hidden world within cannabis, boasting over 100 distinct varieties. Understanding these compounds is not just about aroma but potentially unlocking the secrets behind strain effects, challenging the traditional ‘sativa’ and ‘indica’ classifications.
What are Terpenes?
To put it simply, terpenes are natural chemicals that determine how things smell. And, believe it or not, there are over 100 terpenes in cannabis plants alone.
Great strides have been made to understand and classify the many different cannabis terpenes. Terpenes are broken down into precise scents which are consistent with specific strains. This invaluable knowledge helps both consumers and growers, and ultimately customizes a user’s experience.
Below we review some of the more common terpenes.
Myrcene: Herbal Smells
Found in: thyme, hops, lemongrass
This is the primary terpene found in cannabis plants. Myrcene has an overall relaxing effect and can aid sleep, reducing insomnia. Reduces muscle tension and eases pain.
Limonene: Citrus Smells
Found in: fruit rinds, peppermint, juniper
Limonene is the second most frequently found terpene in cannabis flowers. Assists with depression, anxiety, and even reflux issues. It’s also commonly known for its antibacterial and antifungal properties.
Beta-caryophyllene: Peppery, Spicy Smells
Found in: cinnamon, black pepper
Reduces insomnia, nerve pain and inflammation. Often used for treating depression and anxiety as well.
Fruity Smells
Found in: nutmeg, lilac, tea
Relaxes nerves and decreases anxiety. Reported use for decreasing migraine symptoms.
Earthy Smells
Found in: hops, basil, coriander
Curbs appetite, reduces inflammation and pain.
Pine Smells
Found in: pine needles, basil, dill, parsley
Is considered best used for pain treatment and inflammation. Can help reduce anxiety as well.
Floral Smells
Found in: lavender
Improves anxiety and reduces inflammation. Supports pain management.
Conclusion
Terpenes within cannabis offer a glimpse into a world of nuanced flavors and potential effects. From myrcene’s relaxation potential to limonene’s citrusy zest, each terpene contributes uniquely. As research progresses, personalized cannabis experiences based on these compounds could revolutionize how we approach strain selection, ensuring tailored experiences for users.
